Deferred Tax is the tax effects of Timing Difference. The whole concept of deferred tax is depending on timing difference.
Accounting income (loss) is the net profit or loss for a period, as reported in the statement of profit and loss, before deducting income tax expense or adding income tax saving.
Taxable income (tax loss) is the amount of the income (loss) for a period, determined in accordance with the tax laws, based upon which income tax payable (recoverable) is determined.
As per AS-22 Timing differences are the differences between taxable income and accounting income for a period that originate in one period and are capable of reversal in one or more subsequent periods.
Example: – An asset is purchased of Rs.1,00,000/- having a useful life of 5 years and allowed 100% depreciation under Income Tax Act. Profit before depreciation is Rs.2,00,000/-.
Rs. 20,000/- (i.e. 100,000/5) is allowed as depreciation while computing the accounting income and Rs.1,00,000/- is allowed as full depreciation in the year of purchase while computing the taxable income.
Hence, Accounting Income is Rs.1,80,000/- (i.e. 2,00,000-20,000)
Taxable Income is Rs.1,00,000/- (i.e. 2,00,000-1,00,000)