Stack:
- Value type allocates the values in Stack.
- Function parameters are allocated on the stack
- Local variables that are declared on the stack are not automatically initialized by the system so they usually have garbage in them until you set them
- Variables on the stack disappear when the function exits (thus, if a function is called multiple times, it’s local variables and parameters are recreated and destroyed each time the function is called end exited).
- Data is stored in stack using the Last In First Out (LIFO) method.
- Stack has a limited size. Sometimes having too many local variables or large local arrays will cause stack overflow errors
Ex: Predefined data-types, Structures, Enumerator
Heap:
- Reference types allocates the value reference in Heap.
- Declared variables (as opposed to dynamically created ie new, malloc) are created on the heap before program execution begins, they exist the entire life of the program (although scope may prevent access to them – they still exist) and they are initialized to all zeros
- Global variables are on the heap
- Static local variables are on the heap (this is how they keep their value between function calls)
- Memory allocated by new, malloc and calloc are on the heap
- Heap has unlimited size.
Ex: Arrays, Classes, Objects, Delegates, Interfaces
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